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Can be found in 0.03% Autopsies

Described first by Du Vernoi in 1783

Risk Factors:
Colonoscopies, Surgery, Chronic pulmonary disease, Conective tissue diseases, Use of sorbitol and lactulose, Chemotherapy (Bevacizumab and Sunitinib)

Localization frequency: 1st Ileon, 2nd Colon, 3rd Mixed

Pathology. Spaces filled with gases (submucosa and subserosa). Composition Nitrogen + Hidrogen and CO2

3 theories
Mechanical – Mucosal injury – Migration of gas into the intestinal wall

Bacterial – Aerogenic bacteria penetrate intestinal wall and produce gas

Lung theory- Lung disease – Alveolar rupture – Mediastinal emphysema

Presentation
Can range from asymptomatic to, pain, obstruction, perforation, adherences

Management
It will Depend on the presentation mainly, may include the following.

Waiting

Oxygen Therapy

Hyperbaric therapy

Surgery